‘Thunderhead’ Japanese black pine at UT Gardens, Knoxville, TN

Thunderhead Japanese Black Pine (Pinus thunbergii ‘Thunderhead’) is a dwarf compact form of Japanese black pine (USDA hardiness zones 5b-8). Expect this slow-growing conifer to reach 5 feet high and 4 feet wide in 10 years. Whereas Japanese black pine grows 60 to 80 feet tall, Thunderhead matures to 20 to 25 feet in height and 15-20 feet in spread after many years.

By mid-winter its long silvery buds are clearly visible; they slowly elongate over the winter months. The white candles unfurl in mid-spring. This 2-needle pine has dark green needles which average 3 to 4 inches in length and are densely clustered together.

Japanese black pine grows best in well-drained soil and in full sun. Once established two years, Thunderhead pine exhibits exceptional drought tolerance.

Japanese black pine is a favorite among bonsai enthusiasts and those who sculpt topiaries. In a small garden you’ll enjoy Thunderhead’s natural pyramidal form. No two plants ever look alike if they’re left unpruned.

Japanese black pine thrives along coastal areas with hot dry temperatures and salt spray. Coastal areas of North and South Carolina and Georgia have planted this pine species extensively for sand dune stabilization around beach areas. Along roadsides it stands up to winter de-icing salts.